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Article 4 of the EU AI Act has applied since 2 February 2025. Find out what it requires, who must comply, and how to evidence it, all cited to the Act.

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The AI literacy duty, at a glance.

A modern glass tower against the sky
2 Feb 2025 Article 4 already applies
A legal library overlooking a European cathedral
Article 4 the AI literacy obligation
A modern glass tower at dusk
2 roles providers & deployers bound
A private boardroom overlooking a European city
5 factors that set “sufficient” literacy
A boardroom overlooking a European cityscape
All AI systems not just high-risk ones
A modern legal office
Recital 20 explains what literacy means
AI literacy coverage
Article 4 · Recital 20 · Article 3(56) definition · Commission Q&A · AI Office guidance · Living repository of practices
How it works

From a single question to an evidenced literacy programme.

Understand

Ask what Article 4 actually requires, what “sufficient” AI literacy means under Recital 20, and how it differs from the high-risk obligations, cross-referenced to the Act text and Commission guidance.

Map

Work out whether you are a provider, a deployer, or both, and which staff and operators acting on your behalf fall within scope, taking account of technical knowledge, experience, education, and the affected persons.

Evidence

Draft training plans, internal policies, and a literacy record you can show a regulator, each anchored to the relevant article and recital so the compliance basis is never in doubt.

What does Article 4 of the EU AI Act require for AI literacy?

Article 4: ensure a sufficient level of AI literacy

Under Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, providers and deployers must take measures to ensure, to their best extent, a sufficient level of AI literacy among their staff and other persons dealing with the operation and use of AI systems on their behalf.

What “sufficient” takes into account

  • The technical knowledge, experience and education of those persons
  • The context the AI systems are used in
  • The persons or groups on whom the systems will be used
  • Read with Recital 20 and the Article 3(56) definition of AI literacy

When it applies

Article 4 has applied since 2 February 2025 and covers all AI systems, not only high-risk ones. Evidence it through staff training, role-based briefings, and an internal AI use policy.

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